Glossary
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| Recessive | One member of an allelic pair lacking the ability to manifest itself (unable to determine the phenotype) when the other or dominant member is present. [Wikipedia entry] |
| Recombination | 1. The exchange of chromosomal segments that occurs when homologous DNA sequences become closely associated. This is how the genetic information from mother and father changes in every generation to give genetically unique offspring. 2. Molecular process representing double strand break (DSB) DNA repair. Homologous recombination (HR), involves two homologous DNA double strands that may or may not result in crossing over of the initial DNA strands. [Wikipedia entry] |
| Regulatory elements | DNA sequences to which regulatory proteins like transcription factors bind. They are classed as promoters, enhancers, silencers, chromatin insulators or cellular memory modules (CMMs). [Wikipedia entry] |
| Reproductive cloning | A form of artificial reproduction technique based on cloning. [Wikipedia entry] |
| Rhabdoid tumour | Very agressive form of tumour originally described as a variant of Wilms' tumors. [Wikipedia entry] |
| Ribosomal gene | One of several tandemly arranged genes each encoding an rRNA molecule that is a structural and ribozymatic component of ribosomes. [Wikipedia entry] |
| Ribosome | Protein factory in eukaryotes located outside of the cell nucleus. The particle is cmposed of ribosomal RNAs and ribosomal proteins and it associates with mRNA to catalyze the synthesis of protein. [Wikipedia entry] |
| RNA | Ribonucleic acid. Polymer formed from covalently linked ribonucleotide monomers. [Wikipedia entry] |
| RNA interference | Mechanism of gene silencing. Small double-stranded RNA sequences interrupt the process of translation (mRNA->protein) thus preventing gene expression. [Wikipedia entry] |
| RNA silencing | See RNA interference. [Wikipedia entry] |
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